What does the shielding gas do to protect the weld area?

The shielding gas in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is crucial for creating an inert atmosphere around the weld area. This inert environment prevents contamination from the surrounding air, specifically oxygen and nitrogen, which can lead to weld defects such as oxidation or porosity. An inert gas like argon or helium is commonly used because it does not react with the molten weld pool, allowing the weld to solidify without compromising its integrity. This protection is vital for achieving high-quality welds that are strong and clean, free from impurities that could weaken the joint. The shielding gas is a key component to ensuring the success of the welding process, highlighting its importance in maintaining the desired properties of the weld.