What current type is associated with deep penetration welds and allows smaller tungsten to be used?

The type of current that is associated with deep penetration welds and allows for the use of smaller tungsten electrodes is direct current electrode negative (DCEN). In DCEN, the electrode is the negative terminal, which means that the majority of the heat is concentrated at the workpiece rather than the tungsten electrode. This high heat concentration on the material allows for deeper penetration in the weld.

Additionally, this allows the welder to use a smaller diameter tungsten electrode because it can withstand the heat without distortion, while still producing a strong arc. This is particularly beneficial in applications where precision and control over the weld pool are critical. The ability to use a smaller tungsten not only enhances maneuverability but also improves the accuracy of the welds, particularly in thin materials or intricate designs.

Other options, while they have their own applications, do not specifically allow for the same combination of deep penetration and smaller tungsten usage as DCEN does. For example, alternating current (AC) is often used for aluminum and magnesium welding where cleaning action is needed, but it does not provide the same deep penetration capabilities. AC/DC provides versatility but is not as focused as DCEN for deep penetration scenarios. Pulse DC can enhance control but typically does not penetrate as deeply as DCEN on