What component directs the shielding gas onto the welding zone?

The nozzle or cup is the component that directs the shielding gas onto the welding zone in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). This part is crucial for protecting the weld from atmospheric contamination, which can weaken the weld integrity and lead to defects. The nozzle helps to focus and stabilize the flow of shielding gas around the welding area, ensuring a clean environment for the welding arc to operate effectively. High-quality shielding is essential to achieve the best results in terms of weld strength and appearance.

While the welding torch is the overall tool that holds the electrode and the nozzle, it is the nozzle itself that specifically manages the delivery of the shielding gas. The gas valve, while involved in controlling gas flow, does not directly shape or direct the flow to the weld. The electrode primarily focuses on creating the welding arc but does not function to deliver shielding gas. Therefore, understanding the distinct roles of each component highlights why the nozzle or cup is the correct answer in this context.